My research lies at the interface of industrial ecology, ecological economics and social ecology, with a focus on small islands. I am founding member of the Waterloo Industrial Ecology Group (WIEG). Drawing on the concepts of social metabolism, socioecological tipping points, and sustainability transitions, I study the systemic links between material and energy use, time-use and human well being. I am particularly interested in the metabolism (stocks and flows) of small islands and the sustainability challenges they face in the context of climate change and extreme weather events. My current geographical focus is the Mediterranean and in the Caribbean.

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